孔子也有教不好的学生（转）

欧丝之野

孔子乃“至圣先师”，一辈子诲人不倦，门墙之内，英才重叠。他也有教不好的学生吗？

公伯寮被骂是孔门之“蟊滕”，意思是危害人民或国家的毒蛇，足证此人德行之卑劣。孔子年届知天命时方有机会得君行道，他锐意改革，政绩卓越，一年之内擢升三次，由中都宰而至于司寇。当时鲁国，季氏、孟氏、叔氏三家擅权，鲁定公实为傀儡。孔子力主 “削藩”，欲褫夺三家的非法政权，还鼎鲁公，以重建“君君臣臣”的礼治社会。他派最亲密的学生子路出任季氏家宰，提议拆除三家封邑的城墙。叔氏和季氏先后拆除了后城、费城。孟氏临时变卦，拒不践约。鲁定公攻伐不克，季氏和孟氏兔死狐悲，萌生悔意。孔子的“削藩”大业功败垂成。在这关键时节，他的学生公伯寮居然落井下石，为泄嫉妒，向季氏进谗，污蔑同门师兄子路。季氏听信谗言，疏远了子路，对孔子也产生了疑怠之心。不久，孔子便被迫黯然离开鲁国，迈上了十四年颠沛流离的辗转奔波路。

　　冉求被孔子开除了“学籍”。冉求时任季氏家宰，且兵权在握。孔子借着他的举荐才得以重新得到季氏的倚重，返回故国。苍颜白发的孔子已不见用，但他的济世之心反而像火苗一样越烧越旺。冉求退朝迟了点，孔子告诫他：“若是商议国家大事，那一定要告诉我！”是啊，他有那么多的学生，他们风华正茂，都可以帮助老师实现一生的追求啊。但是，这个冉求，却是个讲求实际的政客，对老师阴奉阳违。他不顾老师反对，帮助季氏增收赋税。季氏越礼，他不加劝阻，季氏穷兵黩武，他推诿责任。老夫子气得拄杖詈骂，号召其他弟子都来鸣鼓攻击他。

　　假如用今天的某些标准来评判孔子的教育人生，那么孔子万世师表的光辉形象将有被颠覆的危险。因为标准上赫然写着：“没有教不好的学生，只有教不好的老师。”而在公伯寮和冉求两人的教导上，孔子显然失败了。如此看来，孔子也该是一名不会教的老师吧？

　　但这样的定评，你会接受吗？ “自行束修以上者,吾未尝不教也”，孔子有教无类，广纳门徒，开风气之先，只要有点点贽见礼，老先生都愿意把所学倾囊相授。“爱之,能勿劳乎?忠之,能勿悔乎?”老夫子在教学上无丝毫懈怠，劳而无怨。况且他还有高超的教育技巧，擅长因材施教，精于启发教学，强调举一反三。这样的一位老师如果是不会教的老师，那么会教的老师到底是怎样的呢！

　　那么，是不是“没有教不好的学生，只有教不好的老师”这个评价标准有问题呢？我对这话做了一番考证，这句话的版权归属我国著名教育家、儿童心理学家和儿童教育专家陈鹤琴，他的本意是强调教育者的信念和责任，希望教育者应严于律己。这是教师本身的一种自励，而非一种教育评价标准。

　　把这句话断章取义地异化为评判教师工作的一项标准，那是对教育的盲目自信，一种不切合实际的夜郎自大，以为教育可以包打天下，包治百病。在一个人的成长过程中，学校教育的作用最多占三分之一，另外两个三分之一分别是学生所受到包括家庭教育、社会教育在内的非学校教育以及学生自己的自我教育。我们的教育不是从零开始，我们面对的学生已经是被加工过的半成品。这仿佛是一张白纸，一张已经被家长、被社会涂抹过许多印迹的纸，要想在这张纸上重新画出美丽的画儿，不是不可能，而是无法保证百分之百的成功。教师只要在力所能及的范围内，尽可能地把本职工作做好，即使个别学生最终也没有被“教好”， “尽吾力而不能至者,可以无悔矣”！就像孔夫子，虽然也有没教育好的学生，但是我们还是把教育史上最崇高的位置留给了他

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欧丝之野

楼上的，不懂

文贩子

    幸亏孔子生活在愚昧落后的封建时代，他的教育思想和方法才得以如黑夜中的北极星从古照耀至今。假如孔子再世，面对今天的学生，他那不及小学的自然科学知识能让学生“亲其师，信其道”吗？不光不能搞好教育教学工作，连起码的生存能力他都不具备。
    为国家庆幸，为时代庆幸，为圣人庆幸！

欧丝之野

蝶飞蒂 发表于 2012-2-10 20:40
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