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中医“坐堂”的来历

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发表于 2011-11-11 12:58:15 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 徐茂公 于 2011-11-11 13:59 编辑

    “坐堂”,指官吏出庭命理案体处理事务,因坐于厅堂而得名。清朝的县官坐堂,往往两造各责小板五百完案。(鲁迅《华盖集·并非闲话》)足以证明。由此引出另一涵义,在民间指中医师行医之处。
       我国一些老字号的中医药店,多以相称,诸如什么济生堂同仁堂长春堂四知堂等。以致有些药店沿变到后来发展成制药厂,仍然保留着这些老字号。如北京的同仁堂、天津的达仁堂、杭州的胡庆馀堂、石家庄的乐仁堂、安阳的明善堂等,至今仍名扬四海内外。
       中医药店为何称呢?这还得从医对张仲景说起。张仲景,名机,后汉南阳郡涅阳(今南阳)人,约生于公元2世纪,灵帝时(公元168189年)举孝。建安中(公元196219年)做长沙太守。他博学多才,曾从同郡张伯祖学医,尽得其详,成为当时的良医。
       张仲景生在汉末纷乱之世,社会道德沦丧,疾病流行,给人民带来了莫大的灾难。他目击惨状,抱着救死扶伤的精神,立志学习医术,以解除人民大众的疾苦。他在《伤寒论》自序中说:余宗族素多,向余二百,建安纪年以来,犹未十稔,其死者三分有二,伤寒十居其七,感往昔之沦丧,伤横夭之莫救,因此,他勤求古训,博采众方,研读《素问》、《难经》等医学典籍,并结合了自己的临床经验,写出了《伤寒杂病论》16卷,创造了辨证论治的治疗法则,被后世尊为医圣
       张仲景在任长沙太守期间,正值疫疠流行,许多贫苦百姓慕名前来求医。他一反封建官吏的官老爷作风,对前来求医者总是热情接待,细心诊治,从不拒绝。开始他是在处理完公务之后,在后堂或自己家中给人治病;后来由于前来治病者越来越多,使他接应不暇,于是他干脆把诊所搬到了长沙大堂,公开坐堂应诊,首创了名医坐大堂的先例,他的这一举动,被传为千古佳话。
       后来,张仲景弃官行医,走街串巷,深入民间为百姓治病,广泛搜集单方、验方草药等,著书立说,为弘扬祖国医学做出了重大贡献。人民为了怀念张仲景,便把坐在药店内治病的医生通称为坐堂医。这些医生也把自己开设的药店取名为“××堂药店,这就是中医药店称的来历。






该贴已经同步到 徐茂公的微博
发表于 2011-12-3 07:34:31 | 显示全部楼层
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